Tidak ada makhluk di dunia ini yang ketika sudah dewasa masih minum susu kecuali manusia. Lihatlah sapi, kambing, kerbau, atau apa pun: begitu sudah tidak anak-anak lagi tidak akan minum susu. Mengapa manusia seperti menyalahi perilaku yang alami seperti itu? “Itu gara-gara pabrik susu yang terus mengiklankan produknya,” ujar Prof Dr Hiromi Shinya, penulis buku yang sangat laris: The Miracle of Enzyme (Keajaiban Enzim) yang sudah terbit dalam bahasa Indonesia dengan judul yang sama. Padahal, katanya, susu sapi adalah makanan/minuman paling buruk untuk manusia. Manusia seharusnya hanya minum susu manusia. Sebagaimana anak sapi yang juga hanya minum susu sapi. Mana ada anak sapi minum susu manusia, katanya. Mengapa susu paling jelek untuk manusia? Bahkan, katanya, bisa menjadi penyebab osteoporosis? Jawabnya: karena susu itu benda cair sehingga ketika masuk mulut langsung mengalir ke kerongkongan. Tidak sempat berinteraksi dengan enzim yang diproduksi mulut kita. Akibat tidak bercampur enzim, tugas usus semakin berat. Begitu sampai di usus, susu tersebut langsung menggumpal dan sulit sekali dicerna. Untuk bisa mencernanya, tubuh terpaksa mengeluarkan cadangan “enzim induk” yang seharusnya lebih baik dihemat. Enzim induk itu mestinya untuk pertumbuhan tubuh, termasuk pertumbuhan tulang. Namun, karena enzim induk terlalu banyak dipakai untuk membantu mencerna susu, peminum susu akan lebih mudah terkena osteoporosis. Profesor Hiromi tentu tidak hanya mencari sensasi. Dia ahli usus terkemuka di dunia. Dialah dokter pertama di dunia yang melakukan operasi polip dan tumor di usus tanpa harus membedah perut. Dia kini sudah berumur 70 tahun. Berarti dia sudah sangat berpengalaman menjalani praktik kedokteran. Dia sudah memeriksa keadaan usus bagian dalam lebih dari 300.000 manusia Amerika dan Jepang. Dia memang orang Amerika kelahiran Jepang yang selama kariernya sebagai dokter terus mondar-mandir di antara dua negara itu. Setiap memeriksa usus pasiennya, Prof Hiromi sekalian melakukan penelitian. Yakni, untuk mengetahui kaitan wujud dalamnya usus dengan kebiasaan makan dan minum pasiennya. Dia menjadi hafal pasien yang ususnya berantakan pasti yang makan atau minumnya tidak bermutu. Dan, yang dia sebut tidak bermutu itu antara lain susu dan daging. Dia melihat alangkah mengerikannya bentuk usus orang yang biasa makan makanan/minuman yang “jelek”: benjol-benjol, luka-luka, bisul-bisul, bercak-bercak hitam, dan menyempit di sana-sini seperti diikat dengan karet gelang. Jelek di situ berarti tidak memenuhi syarat yang diinginkan usus. Sedangkan usus orang yang makanannya sehat/baik, digambarkannya sangat bagus, bintik-bintik rata, kemerahan, dan segar. Karena tugas usus adalah menyerap makanan, tugas itu tidak bisa dia lakukan kalau makanan yang masuk tidak memenuhi syarat si usus. Bukan saja ususnya kecapean, juga sari makanan yang diserap pun tidak banyak. Akibatnya, pertumbuhan sel-sel tubuh kurang baik, daya tahan tubuh sangat jelek, sel radikal bebas bermunculan, penyakit timbul, dan kulit cepat menua. Bahkan, makanan yang tidak berserat seperti daging, bisa menyisakan kotoran yang menempel di dinding usus: menjadi tinja stagnan yang kemudian membusuk dan menimbulkan penyakit lagi. Karena itu, Prof Hiromi tidak merekomendasikan daging sebagai makanan. Dia hanya menganjurkan makan daging itu cukup 15% dari seluruh makanan yang masuk ke perut. Dia mengambil contoh yang sangat menarik, meski di bagian ini saya rasa, keilmiahannya kurang bisa dipertanggungjawabk an. Misalnya, dia minta kita menyadari berapakah jumlah gigi taring kita, yang tugasnya mengoyak-ngoyak makanan seperti daging: hanya 15 persen dari seluruh gigi kita. Itu berarti bahwa alam hanya menyediakan infrastruktur untuk makan daging 15 persen dari seluruh makanan yang kita perlukan. Dia juga menyebut contoh harimau yang hanya makan daging. Larinya memang kencang, tapi hanya untuk menit-menit awal. Ketika diajak “lomba lari” oleh mangsanya, harimau akan cepat kehabisan tenaga. Berbeda dengan kuda yang tidak makan daging. Ketahanan larinya lebih hebat. Di samping pemilihan makanan, Prof Hiromi mempersoalkan cara makan. Makanan itu, katanya, harus dikunyah minimal 30 kali.. Bahkan, untuk makanan yang agak keras harus sampai 70 kali. Bukan saja bisa lebih lembut, yang lebih penting agar di mulut makanan bisa bercampur dengan enzim secara sempurna. Demikian juga kebiasaan minum setelah makan bukanlah kebiasaan yang baik. Minum itu, tulisnya, sebaiknya setengah jam sebelum makan. Agar air sudah sempat diserap usus lebih dulu. Bagaimana kalau makanannya seret masuk tenggorokan? Nah, ini dia, ketahuan. Berarti mengunyahnya kurang dari 30 kali! Dia juga menganjurkan agar setelah makan sebaiknya jangan tidur sebelum empat atau lima jam kemudian. Tidur itu, tulisnya, harus dalam keadaan perut kosong. Kalau semua teorinya diterapkan, orang bukan saja lebih sehat, tapi juga panjang umur, awet muda, dan tidak akan gembrot. Yang paling mendasar dari teorinya adalah: setiap tubuh manusia sudah diberi “modal” oleh alam bernama enzim-induk dalam jumlah tertentu yang tersimpan di dalam “lumbung enzim-induk”. Enzim-induk ini setiap hari dikeluarkan dari “lumbung”-nya untuk diubah menjadi berbagai macam enzim sesuai keperluan hari itu. Semakin jelek kualitas makanan yang masuk ke perut, semakin boros menguras lumbung enzim-induk. Mati, menurut dia, adalah habisnya enzim di lumbung masing-masing. Maka untuk bisa berumur panjang, awet muda, tidak pernah sakit, dan langsing haruslah menghemat enzim-induk itu. Bahkan, kalau bisa ditambah dengan cara selalu makan makanan segar. Ada yang menarik dalam hal makanan segar ini. Semua makanan (mentah maupun yang sudah dimasak) yang sudah lama terkena udara akan mengalami oksidasi. Dia memberi contoh besi yang kalau lama dibiarkan di udara terbuka mengalami karatan. Bahan makanan pun demikian. Apalagi kalau makanan itu digoreng dengan minyak. Minyaknya sendiri sudah persoalan, apalagi kalau minyak itu sudah teroksidasi. Karena itu, kalau makan makanan yang digoreng saja sudah kurang baik, akan lebih parah kalau makanan itu sudah lama dibiarkan di udara terbuka. Minyak yang oksidasi, katanya, sangat bahaya bagi usus. Maksudnya, mengolah makanan seperti itu memerlukan enzim yang banyak. Apa saja makanan yang direkomendasikan? Sayur, biji-bijian, dan buah. Jangan terlalu banyak makan makanan yang berprotein. Protein yang melebihi keperluan tubuh ternyata tidak bisa disimpan. Protein itu harus dibuang. Membuangnya pun memerlukan kekuatan yang ujung-ujungnya juga berasal dari lumbung enzim. Untuk apa makan berlebih kalau untuk mengolah makanan itu harus menguras enzim dan untuk membuang kelebihannya juga harus menguras lumbung enzim. Prof Hiromi sendiri secara konsekuen menjalani prinsip hidup seperti itu dengan sungguh-sungguh. Hasilnya, umurnya sudah 70 tahun, tapi belum pernah sakit. Penampilannya seperti 15 tahun lebih muda. Tentu sesekali dia juga makan makanan yang di luar itu. Sebab, sesekali saja tidak apa-apa. Menurunnya kualitas usus terjadi karena makanan “jelek” itu masuk ke dalamnya secara terus-menerus atau terlalu sering. Terhadap pasiennya, Prof Hiromi juga menerapkan “pengobatan” seperti itu. Pasien-pasien penyakit usus, termasuk kanker usus, banyak dia selesaikan dengan “pengobatan” alamiah tersebut. Pasiennya yang sudah gawat dia minta mengikuti cara hidup sehat seperti itu dan hasilnya sangat memuaskan. Dokter, katanya, banyak melihat pasien hanya dari satu sisi di bidang sakitnya itu. Jarang dokter yang mau melihatnya melalui sistem tubuh secara keseluruhan. Dokter jantung hanya fokus ke jantung. Padahal, penyebab pokoknya bisa jadi justru di usus. Demikian juga dokter-dokter spesialis lain. Pendidikan dokter spesialislah yang menghancurkan ilmu kedokteran yang sesungguhnya. Yang menggembirakan dari buku Prof Hiromi ini adalah: orang itu harus makan makanan yang enak. Dengan makan enak, hatinya senang. Kalau hatinya sudah senang dan pikirannya gembira, terjadilah mekanisme dalam tubuh yang bisa membuat enzim-induk bertambah. Untuk singkatnya ada beberapa faktor yang harus dilakukan (atau dihindari) untuk menjaga agar karakteristik lambung dan usus tetap baik yang oleh Dr. Shinya disebut 7 kunci untuk hidup sehat : 1. Menu makanan yang baik, yaitu terdiri dari : a. 85-90% makanan nabati berupa biji-bijian, sayuran dan buah-buahan (yang paling baik adalah yang ditanam secara organik, karena bahan kimia hanya memboroskan ‘energi dan enzim’ yang sebenarnya bisa dipakai untuk keperluan lain tubuh kita ). b. Sekitar 10-15% berupa protein, sumber paling baik adalah ikan kecil (karena ikan besar mengandung merkuri) dan konsumsi daging sapi atau domba harus dibatasi atau dihindari. c. Makanan dan bahan yang harus dihindari/dibatasi : teh hijau jepang, teh cina, kopi, makanan yang manis dan gula, nikotin, alkohol, cokelat, lemak dan minyak, garam meja biasa (gunakan garam laut yang mengandung mineral) d. Cara makan yang baik adalah berhenti makan 4-5 jam sebelum tidur, mengunyah setiap suap 30-50 kali, makan buah atau minum jus 30-60 menit sebelum waktu makan dan konsumsilah lebih banyak makanan mentah atau dikukus sebentar ( menggoreng sangat tidak dianjurkan), 2. Mengkonsumsi air yang baik yaitu air yang memiliki kekuatan reduksi yang besar, yang belum terpolusi oleh zat-zat kimia. a. Orang dewasa sebaiknya minum 6-10 gelas setiap hari b. Minum 1-3 gelas air setelah bangun tidur pagi hari c. Minum 2-3 gelas air sekitar 1 jam sebelum setiap waktu makan 3. Pembuangan yang teratur (jangan gunakan obat pencahar) 4. Olah raga secukupnya (olah raga berlebihan justru akan menghasilkan sejumlah radikal bebas yang besar) 5. Istirahat yang cukup a. Pergi tidur pada waktu yang sama setiap malam dan dapatkan tidur 6-8 jam tanpa terputus b. Lakukan tidur singkat setelah makan siang (sekitar 30 menit) 6. Pernapasan dan meditasi a. Bermeditasi b. Berpikiran positif c. Kenakan pakaian longgar yang tidak menyesakkan napas 7. Kebahagiaan dan cinta a. Kebahagiaan dan cinta akan meningkatkan faktor enzim tubuh, terkadang bagai keajaiban b. Luangkan waktu untuk sikap menghargai c. Hidup penuh semangat dan hadapi hidup, pekerjaan dan orang-orang yang Anda cintai dengan sepenuh hati.

BMC Discovery Solution business value

The Business Challenge
       The IT Infrastructure Library® (ITIL®) defines standards for the processes that IT departments use to manage IT hardware and software, such as Problem Management, Incident Management, and Change Management. These processes ensure the availability of the critical IT services that sustain a business, like banking systems, ordering systems, and manufacturing systems. At the core of these ITIL processes is the Configuration Management Database (CMDB). The data in the CMDB feeds the related applications that perform ITIL processes.
       Asset management tracks the lifecycle and total costs of IT assets from purchase through installation, usage, and ultimate retirement. Because of high IT asset turnover and mobility, it is difficult to maintain an accurate picture of IT assets and their relationships to costs, contracts, lifecycles, owners, users, and business services.
       Both IT Asset Management (ITAM) and ITIL Configuration Management share the need for reliable data about components in the IT environment. For a large company, populating the CMDB and maintaining information about thousands of pieces of hardware and software is difficult to manage.

BMC Discovery Solution
       BMC Discovery Solution automates the process of populating BMC Atrium Configuration Management Database (CMDB) by discovering IT hardware and software and creating instances of configuration items (CIs) and relationships from the discovered data. A CI is an instance of an entity that is part of your environment and has configurable attributes specific to that instance. These entities can be physical (such as a computer system), logical (such as an installed instance of a software program), or conceptual (such as a business service). For example, a discovered application server is represented by a CI that defines the attributes of the host computer, and the application it hosts is represented by a CI that defines the attributes of the software. A relationship defines the dependency of the application on the application server.
       Discovery uses a number of technologies and methods to access and query computers by IP address or subnet. Rerunning a discovery on the same IP address or subnet detects new CIs, changed CIs, or removed CIs. The Configuration Manager reconciles the changed CIs with other data in the BMC Atrium CMDB.

notes : The white paper Asset Management, ITIL, and the CMDB: Connecting the Dots between IT Operations and the Bottom Line from BMC Software further describes the challenges with aligning ITIL Configuration Management and ITAM.
Download white paper

BMC Discovery Solution products

BMC Atrium CMDB
       BMC Atrium CMDB stores information about the CIs in your IT environment and the relationships between them. Data providers such as discovery applications put data into BMC Atrium CMDB, where it is partitioned into separate datasets. The Reconciliation Engine component enables you to reconcile these datasets into a consolidated production dataset that you use as the single source of reference for your IT environment. Data consumers such as the BMC Remedy Asset Management product read data from the production dataset.

BMC Atrium Integration Engine
       The BMC Atrium Integration Engine product enables you to transfer data between an external datastore and BMC Atrium CMDB or the BMC Remedy Action Request System (BMC Remedy AR System) product. It consists primarily of the Data Exchange application and the BMC Atrium Integration Engine service. The Data Exchange application is a BMC Remedy AR System application that enables you to map source and destination fields, schedule data transfers, and configure other options. The Integration Engine service performs the actual data transfer based on the settings in the Data Exchange application. These two components can reside on different computers.
       BMC Discovery Solution uses BMC Atrium Integration Engine to transfer BMC Configuration Management data to BMC Atrium CMDB.

BMC Foundation Discovery and BMC Topology Discovery
       The BMC Foundation Discovery and BMC Topology Discovery products discover the IT infrastructure CIs that make up complex networks or applications, and identify the relationships between those CIs. BMC Topology Discovery automatically generates impact relationships for use in BMC Impact Service Model Editor service models. Through the synchronization facility, the user who fills the Discovery Manager role exports the CIs and relationships to BMC Atrium CMDB for reconciliation with the production dataset.

BMC Remedy AR System
       BMC Remedy AR System is a workflow-based platform for automating, managing, and monitoring service management business processes. Several BMC Software products run on this platform, including the following BMC Discovery Solution products:
      
BMC Atrium CMDB
      
BMC Atrium Integration Engine
      
BMC Definitive Software Library
      
BMC Remedy Asset Management

BMC Remedy Asset Management
       BMC Remedy Asset Management enables you to track hardware and software CIs, including related information such as contracts, costs, licenses, life cycles, and requisitions. You can use it to automate software license management, purchasing, and other processes. BMC Remedy Asset Management uses BMC Atrium CMDB as the source for some of its information.

BMC Definitive Software Library
       BMC Definitive Software Library (DSL) is a central repository of approximately 10,000 approved Product Dictionary (PD) entries and Software Library Items (SLIs). PD entries are definitive, normalized names and descriptions of software applications, which you can use to ensure that IT always refers to an application the same way in all contexts. SLIs reside in a list of URLs that link to the physical locations of all available software packages approved for distribution within your enterprise. DSL enables you to facilitate software license management and software deployment by adding or modifying PD entries and SLIs.

BMC Configuration Management
       BMC Configuration Management contains many products and components; of those, BMC Discovery Solution uses only the BMC Configuration Management Report Center scanner service and BMC Configuration Management Configuration Discovery Integration for CMDB (BMC Configuration Management CDI).
       The BMC Configuration Management Report Center scanner service is the BMC Configuration Management component that actually discovers CIs in your environment. It collects hardware, software, system, and logging information about IT assets including servers, desktops, laptops, and mobile devices across major platforms. When this book discusses how data is discovered, the BMC Configuration Management product name is used to refer to the discovery mechanism provided by the scanner service.
       BMC Configuration Management CDI enables data from BMC Configuration Management to be transferred to BMC Atrium CMDB. It has no interface other than the installer that installs the components of the integration. These components include a set of views on top of the BMC Configuration Management database, data exchanges and data mappings in the BMC Atrium Integration Engine console for the sixteen CI classes and relationship classes that are discoverable by BMC Configuration Management, federated links for BMC Configuration Management, and reconciliation definitions in the Reconciliation Engine for use during the identification phase.

BMC Discovery Solution architecture
       This section describes how the products in BMC Discovery Solution integrate with each other to form a solution.

BMC Discovery Solution

       The primary actors in this solution are BMC Atrium CMDB and its data providers and data consumers. Providers, in this case BMC Configuration Management and BMC Foundation Discovery and BMC Topology Discovery, create and modify data in bulk. Consumers, in this case BMC Remedy Asset Management, view the data and can also make modifications.
       BMC Configuration Management stores the data that it discovers in an external database called the BMC Configuration Management database. There is a database view on each table in this database, and when you install BMC Configuration Management CDI, a set of super views is added on top of these views. The super views filter the data so that only the appropriate data is transferred to BMC Atrium CMDB. BMC Configuration Management also connects to the DSL using the Db connector to normalize the titles of software CIs.
       BMC Atrium Integration Engine maps the fields in the super views to attributes in BMC Atrium CMDB classes and, on a recurring schedule, transfers data from the BMC Configuration Management database to BMC Atrium CMDB. This data is placed in the BMC Configuration Import dataset.
       BMC Foundation Discovery and BMC Topology Discovery store their discovered data in an external database called the discovery datastore. The tables in the discovery datastore mirror the BMC Atrium CMDB data model. BMC Foundation Discovery and BMC Topology Discovery use a local copy of the DSL Product Dictionary to categorize CIs and normalize software titles.
       BMC Foundation Discovery and BMC Topology Discovery initiate the transfers of their data to BMC Atrium CMDB, done directly using the BMC Atrium CMDB API. This process, called synchronization, populates the BMC Topology Import dataset.
       The Reconciliation Engine of BMC Atrium CMDB merges data from both discovery datasets into the BMC Asset dataset. This consolidated view of your data is the production dataset that data consumers should use and upon which you should base business decisions. BMC Remedy Asset Management displays data from the BMC Asset dataset by default. If you manually edit data using BMC Remedy Asset Management, you should save those changes to the BMC.ASSET.SANDBOX dataset rather than writing them directly to the BMC Asset dataset, thereby allowing the changes to be reconciled with those from both discovery datasets.

quoted from BMC Discovery Solution 2.0.01 Planning and Implementation Guide

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2. It takes resources, including time and money.
Implementing an ITIL Service Desk and all 10 support and delivery processes takes years, not weeks or months. Consider the following:
• There must be sufficient time for planning and selling the benefits of ITIL.
• Implementing a single process to a desired level of maturity requires a great deal of management attention.
• There are many costs associated with implementation: education costs, project costs, purchase of new or upgraded tools and systems, and possibly even the use of external consultants.
• There will be IT staff required for development and implementation of the processes, which means new roles have to be created.


3. It will require education and training.
Because everyone has to “speak the same language”, a thorough, well-organized education plan should be developed and executed.
• ITIL implementation involves all IT employees — from the very top on down, and all across the board. It’s important to include everyone, and to customize education to suit individual roles and responsibilities.
• Numerous courses are available on the market to educate (and certify) employees.
• Training has to go beyond just the ITIL IT Service Management model. An education plan should also include organizational design, organizational change, leading change, process maturity, quality and continuous improvement and overcoming resistance to change.

4. More than ITIL processes will change.
Implementing ITIL means that attention has to be given to many areas of the organization, not just ITIL processes. These include:
• Human resources management: Compensation, org structures and reward and recognition have to support new roles and responsibilities.
• People: New roles, job descriptions, beliefs, values and disciplines have to be firmly planted.
• Technology has to support new processes.
• Interrelationships with other business processes have to be considered.

5. A strong communication plan will need to be executed.
In order to ensure successful outcomes, a strong communication strategy and plan are must-haves.
• The communication strategy should provide direction.
• The communication plan should lay out what needs to happen, when, who will be involved and what needs to be communicated.
• The execution of the plan is ongoing, and accountability should be assigned for desired outcomes.
• Senior management plays a key role throughout the entire program, not just at kickoff.
• Communicate often, and on an ongoing basis, using many different mediums.

6. It takes management commitment and participation.
It all starts at the top. Senior management must show visible commitment often, and on an ongoing basis.
Follow the following eight-step model and advice for leading change:
• Create a sense of urgency.
• Develop a guiding coalition team.
• Get the vision right.
• Communicate for buy-in.
• Empower action.
• Create short-term wins.
• Don’t let up.
• Make change stick.

7. The organizational culture will need to change.
In order for change to stick, cultural issues have to be addressed. Examine the following aspects of your culture closely:
• The personality of the organization — behaviors, beliefs, systems, written and unwritten policies and procedures, and values.
• Leadership and management styles and corporate climate.
• Are you promoting a culture of service and continuous improvement?

8. There will be resistance.
Be prepared. Resistance to change is inevitable, and everyone experiences it to some degree. Leaders must be prepared to manage this aspect of change effectively in order to help the organization move quickly from resistance and denial to acceptance.
• Resistance patterns are predictable and can be managed, provided a plan has been developed.
• Most people resist change because of perceived or real threats. If these are identified, communication efforts can address these head on.
• An effective communication plan helps to overcome resistance to change — this is the secret weapon for overcoming resistance to change.

9. It takes everyone’s involvement.
One way to overcome resistance to change is employee involvement.
• Everyone has good ideas to contribute — give employees the opportunity.
• A cross representation of IT is the best solution to building a single process. Don’t focus on just one group or department; get everyone’s input. All stakeholders can make a valuable contribution.
• Getting as many people involved as possible creates a sense of ownership.

10. It’s worth doing!
Implementing best practices according to ITIL will:
• Provide improved business results.
• Move you from a reactive to a proactive organization.
• Improve effectiveness and efficiency of IT processes, which often leads to reduced IT costs.
• Improve service delivery.

In Conclusion
There is no silver bullet. Best practice process development and implementation take a strong commitment from the organization. And remember, it is not necessary to implement ITIL as-is, rather use it as a guideline and ensure it is fit for purpose.

taken from “somewhere” on internet.

BMC Software provide you the assesment tool to help you evaluate your organization’s performance in each of the four phases of the BSM cycle.

Business Service Management (BSM) is a dynamic IT management strategy that enables companies to align their IT operations with business goals. BMC Software offers an achievable, actionable approach to BSM in the IT-Business Alignment cycle that involves four critical phases: Plan, Model, Manage and Measure. BMC Software has mapped this methodology to the industry standard of the Gartner Maturity Model in order to give you a maturity roadmap for each phase of the IT-Business Alignment cycle.

Upon completion, your responses will be tabulated on a completely anonymous basis and compared to a best-practices database built through independent surveys with IT professionals around the world. You will receive an overall score, as well as ratings corresponding to your IT maturity level in each of the four alignment cycle phases. Your results will even include a detailed list of recommendations for improving your performance in each phase.

Take Assessment Now

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ku tak bisa membaca
tentang kamu… tentang kamu…

kau buat ku bertanya
slalu dalam hatiku
tentang kamu… tentang kamu…

[reff]
bagaimana bila akhirnya ku cinta kau
dari kekuranganmu hingga lebihmu
bagaimana bila semua benar terjadi
mungkin inilah yang terindah

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The following script provides a wealth of information about the number of sessions on your Oracle database.
rem query_session.sql – displays all connected sessions
set echo off;
set termout on;
set linesize 80;
set pagesize 60;
set newpage 0;
 
select rpad(c.name||’:',11)||rpad(‘ current logons=’||(to_number(b.sessions_current)),20)||’cumulative logons=’||
rpad(substr(a.value,1,10),10)||’highwater mark=’||b.sessions_highwater Information
from v$sysstat a, v$license b, v$database c where a.name = ‘logons cumulative’;
 
ttitle “dbname Database Oracle Sessions”;
 
set heading off;
select ‘Sessions on database ‘||substr(name,1,8) from v$database;
set heading on;
select substr(a.spid,1,9) pid, substr(b.sid,1,5) sid, substr(b.serial#,1,5) ser#,
substr(b.machine,1,6) box, substr(b.username,1,10) username, b.server,
substr(b.osuser,1,8) os_user, substr(b.program,1,30) program
from v$session b, v$process a where b.paddr = a.addr and type=’USER’ order by spid;
ttitle off;
set heading off;
select ‘To kill, enter SQLPLUS>  ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION’, ””||’SID, SER#’||””||’;’ from dual;
spool off;

Here’s I attach the sample result of this script.

SQL> SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME, SUM(BYTES) “SIZE BYTES”,  SUM(BYTES)/1000 “SIZE KB”, SUM(BYTES)/1000000 “SIZE MB”, SUM(BYTES)/1000000000 “SIZE_GB”
  2  FROM DBA_FREE_SPACE
  3  GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME;

TABLESPACE_NAME        SIZE BYTES       SIZE KB          SIZE MB        SIZE_GB
—————————– ———- ———- ———- ———-
UNDOTBS1                            65536           65.536        .065536   .000065536
SYSAUX                            11730944    11730.944     11.730944  .011730944
USERS                                1900544       1900.544      1.900544  .001900544
SYSTEM                              7929856      7929.856       7.929856  .007929856
EXAMPLE                          23724032     23724.032    23.724032  .023724032

SQL>

Bandwidth ratio (sharing)
Ratio bandwidth adalah besarnya bandwidth murni yang diberikan dari/ke pelanggan dibandingkan dengan banyaknya pelanggan. Misalnya: Bandwidth murni ke Internet yang diberikan 128 kbps dan bandwidth ratio / sharing 1:2, berarti dari 1 bandwidth murni 64 kbps dibatasi untuk digunakan ke 2 pelanggan 128 kbps atau ke 3 pelanggan 128 kbps (untuk ratio/sharing 1:3). Akibatnya pelanggan akan berebut bandwidth dan akan sangat terasa kecepatan bandwidth menurun apabila pelanggan lainnya sedang melakukan transfer data secara besar-besaran dan terus menerus.

CIR (Committed Information Rate)
Analogi CIR diambil dari jaringan Frame Relay. CIR (dalam bits per detik) digunakan untuk mengatur flow data yang dikirimkan dari/ke pelanggan. Besar CIR normalnya adalah setengah dari besar bandwidth total. Jadi apabila menggunakan bandwidth 128 kbps, maka CIR normalnya adalah 64 kbps. Artinya, pada saat terjadi network congestion (terjadi apabila bandwidth-bandwidth pada gateway ISP penuh) jaminan kecepatan transfer data minimum adalah 64 kbits (CIR-nya bekerja) dengan catatan pada jaringan tidak terjadi gangguan apapun. Pada saat tidak terjadi network congestion, besar bandwidth ditentukan oleh EIR (Excess Information Rate) yaitu bandwidth total yang diberikan ke pelanggan (bandwidth yang disewa). Jadi pada sistem CIR, tidak ada pembatasan bandwidth maupun pembagian bandwidth / sharing ke pelanggan lain, kecepatan bandwidth dapat menurun hanya apabila terjadi network congestion.

Posted on December 13 2006 13:23:22

The procedures to change a MAC address are specific to each operating system.

How to change a MAC address under Microsoft Windows

Under Windows, the MAC address is stored in a registry key. To change a MAC address, find that key with `regedit` and change it. Of course, Microsoft keeps moving the location of the key around!

Windows XP adds an option to change the MAC address on some network cards under the Advanced tab in the network adapter’s Properties menu. A much easier and more reliable method to change a MAC address under Windows is to use a software utility program designed to do this for you.
Macshift is a free utility that you can use to spoof your MAC address under Microsoft Windows.

How to change a MAC address under MacOS

Instructions for changing the MAC address on a Macintosh can be found at MAC Spoofing on the Macintosh.

How to change a MAC address under FreeBSD

In FreeBSD, you can change your MAC address with the `ifconfig [interface] link [address]` command.

How to change a MAC address under Linux

Under Linux, you can change your MAC address with `ifconfig [interface] hw [class] [address]`, or you can use the GNU MAC Changer.

How to change a MAC address under Solaris

In Solaris, you can change the MAC address with the `ifconfig [interface] [ether] [address]` command.

How to change a MAC address under OpenBSD

OpenBSD does not, by default, allow you to change the MAC address. It is possible to change the MAC address under OpenBSD with sea.c.

How to change a MAC address under HP-UX

Under HP-UX, you can change the MAC address in SAM by selecting Networking and Communications, then selecting the interface, then Action, Modify, Advanced Options. HP-UX refers to the MAC address as the “station address”.

Changing a MAC Address in Hardware

Speed Demon Adapters sells network cards which give you the ability to change the MAC address stored in their EERPROM. This can give you the ability to change your MAC address under any operating system that supports either the PCI bus or PCMCIA Type II cards.

Other Tutorials…

BSD

1) Bring down the interface: “ifconfig xl0 down”
2) Enter new MAC address: “ifconfig xl0 link 00:00:00:AA:AA:AA”
3) Bring up the interface: “ifconfig xl0 up”

Linux

1) Bring down the interface: “ifconfig eth0 down”
2) Enter new MAC address: “ifconfig eth0 hw ether 00:00:00:AA:AA:AA”
3) Bring up the interface: “ifconfig eth0 up”

Windows 2000/XP

Method 1:
This is depending on the type of Network Interface Card (NIC) you have. If you have a card that doesn’t support Clone MAC address, then you have to go to second method.

a) Go to Start->Settings->Control Panel and double click on Network and Dial-up Connections.
b) Right click on the NIC you want to change the MAC address and click on properties.
c) Under “General” tab, click on the “Configure” button
d) Click on “Advanced” tab
e) Under “Property section”, you should see an item called “Network Address” or “Locally Administered Address”, click on it.
f) On the right side, under “Value”, type in the New MAC address you want to assign to your NIC. Usually this value is entered without the “-” between the MAC address numbers.
g) Goto command prompt and type in “ipconfig /all” or “net config rdr” to verify the changes. If the changes are not materialized, then use the second method.
h) If successful, reboot your system.

Method 2:
This should work on all Windows 2000/XP systems

a) Go to Start -> Run, type “regedt32″ to start registry editor. Do not use “Regedit”.

b) Go to “HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Class\
{4D36E972-E325-11CE-BFC1-08002BE10318}”. Double click on it to expand the tree. The subkeys are 4-digit numbers, which represent particular network adapters. You should see it starts with 0000, then 0001, 0002, 0003 and so on.
c) Find the interface you want by searching for the proper “DriverDesc” key.
d) Edit, or add, the string key “NetworkAddress” (has the data type “REG_SZ”) to contain the new MAC address.
e) Disable then re-enable the network interface that you changed (or reboot the system).

Windows 9x

Use the same method as Windows 2000/XP except for the registry key location is “HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\Class\Net” and you must reboot your system.

Posted on August 09 2006 11:37:59